In today’s global market, sustainability has become more than a buzzword—it’s a strategic priority. Environmental awareness among consumers, investors, and governments is pushing companies to rethink how their supply chains operate. One of the most effective ways to reduce environmental impact is by adopting sustainable practices, particularly through the integration of reuse, refurbishment, and recycling. Traditional supply chains often follow a linear model: extract, produce, use, and discard. This system leads to excessive resource consumption and significant waste generation. In contrast, circular supply chains emphasize keeping materials and products in use for as long as possible. This means designing products that are easier to repair, refurbish, or disassemble for parts, and creating systems to return used materials back into production